Malawi Human Development Index Trend

		Description		HDR 2006		HDR 2005
		Population in millions (2004)		12.6		12.3
		Annual population growth rate (2004)		2.2%	–	2.2%
		Population below 15 years as % of total (2004)		47.3%		47.1%
		Population ages 65 and older as % of total (2004)		3.0%		2.4%
		Life expectancy at birth in years (2000 - 2005)		39.6 yrs	–
		Urban population as % of total (2004)		16.7%		16.3%
		Adult literacy rate as % ages 15 and older (2004)		64.1%	–
		GDP US$ in billion (2004)		US$ 1.9		US$ 1.7
		GDP PPP US$ in billions (2004)		8.1		6.6
		GDP per capita in PPP US$ (2004)		$ 646		US$ 605
		GDP in US$ (2004)		$ 149		US$ 156
		Annual growth rate (1990 – 2004)		0.9%	–
		Imports of goods and services as % of GDP (2004)		49%		41%
		Exports of goods and services as % of GDP (2004)		27%	–	27%
MDG	1	Population living below $1 a day (1990 – 2004)		41.7%	–
MDG	1	Population living below $2 a day (1990 – 2004)		76.1%	–
MDG	1	Population living below national poverty line		65.3%	–
MDG	1	Population undernourished as % of total (2001/2003)		34%		33%
MDG	2	Combined gross enrolment ratio for primary, secondary and tertiary schools (%) (2004)		64%		72%
MDG	2	Youth literacy rate as % ages 15 – 24 years (2004)		76.0%		76.3%
MDG	2	Net primary enrolment ratio % (2004)		95%		*
MDG	2	Children reaching grade 5 as % of grade 1 students (2003)		44%	–
MDG	2	Net secondary enrolment ratio % (2004)		25%		29%
MDG	2	Public Expenditure on Education as % of GDP (2002 – 2004)		6.0%	–
MDG	3	Life Expectancy at birth in years (2004)	Female	39.6 yrs	–
			Male	40 yrs		39.8 yrs
MDG	3	Adult literacy rate as % of ages 15 and older (2004)	Female	54.0%	–
			Male	74.9%	–
MDG	3	Combined gross enrolment ration for primary, secondary and tertiary schools (2004)	Female	64 %		69%
			Male	65%		75%
MDG	3	Seats in parliament held by women as % of total	Female	13.6%		14%
MDG	4	Infant mortality rate, per 1,000 live births (2004)		175		112
MDG	4	One year olds full immunized - Against Measles (2004)		80%		77%
MDG	4	Children under weight for age as % under age 5 (1996 – 2004)		22%	–
MDG	4/5/6	Public Expenditure on Health % of GDP (2003)		3.3%		4.0%
MDG	4/5/6	Physicians, per 100,000 people (1990 – 2004)		2		1
MDG	4/7	Children with diarrhoea receiving oral rehydration and continued feeding as % of under age 5 (1996 – 2004)		51%	–
MDG	4/6	One year olds fully immunised – Against Tuberculosis (2004)		97%		91
MDG	4/6	Tuberculosis prevalence, per 100,000 people (2004)		501		469
MDG	5	Maternal mortality ration, per 100,000 live births (reported 1990 – 2004)		1,100	–
MDG	5	Maternal mortality ration, per 100,000 live births (adjusted by UNICEF, WHO, UNFPA 2000)		1,800	–
MDG	5	Fertility Rate - births per woman (2000 – 2005)		6.1	–
MDG	5	Births attended by skilled health personnel (1996 – 2004)		61%	–
MDG	6	HIV prevalence as % ages 15 – 49 (2005)		14.1%		14.2%
MDG	6	Children under age 5 – Using insecticide treated bednets (1999 – 2004)		36%		3%
MDG	6	Children under age 5 – With fever treated with antimalarial drugs (1999 – 2004)		19%		27%
MDG	7	Population with sustainable access to improved sanitation (2004)		61%		46%
MDG	7	Population with sustainable access to improved water source (2004)		73%		67%

Ratification of environmental treaties as of 28 August 2006
(Signature) The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, Cartagena 2000
(Ratified) UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, New York 1992
(Ratified) Kyoto Protocol to UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, Kyoto 1997
(Ratified) Convention on Biological Diversity, Rio de Janeiro 1996